path: root/string.c

/*
 * Copyright (C) 2004-2009 Andre Noll <maan@systemlinux.org>
 *
 * Licensed under the GPL v2. For licencing details see COPYING.
 */

/** \file string.c Memory allocation and string handling functions. */

#include "para.h"
#include "string.h"

#include <sys/time.h> /* gettimeofday */
#include <pwd.h>
#include <sys/utsname.h> /* uname() */
#include <string.h>

#include "error.h"

/**
 * Paraslash's version of realloc().
 *
 * \param p Pointer to the memory block, may be \p NULL.
 * \param size The desired new size.
 *
 * A wrapper for realloc(3). It calls \p exit(\p EXIT_FAILURE) on errors,
 * i.e. there is no need to check the return value in the caller.
 *
 * \return A pointer to  the newly allocated memory, which is suitably aligned
 * for any kind of variable and may be different from \a p.
 *
 * \sa realloc(3).
 */
__must_check __malloc void *para_realloc(void *p, size_t size)
{
	/*
	 * No need to check for NULL pointers: If p is NULL, the call
	 * to realloc is equivalent to malloc(size)
	 */
	assert(size);
	if (!(p = realloc(p, size))) {
		PARA_EMERG_LOG("realloc failed (size = %zu), aborting\n",
			size);
		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
	}
	return p;
}

/**
 * Paraslash's version of malloc().
 *
 * \param size The desired new size.
 *
 * A wrapper for malloc(3) which exits on errors.
 *
 * \return A pointer to the allocated memory, which is suitably aligned for any
 * kind of variable.
 *
 * \sa malloc(3).
 */
__must_check __malloc void *para_malloc(size_t size)
{
	void *p;

	assert(size);
	p = malloc(size);
	if (!p) {
		PARA_EMERG_LOG("malloc failed (size = %zu), aborting\n",
			size);
		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
	}
	return p;
}

/**
 * Paraslash's version of calloc().
 *
 * \param size The desired new size.
 *
 * A wrapper for calloc(3) which exits on errors.
 *
 * \return A pointer to the allocated and zeroed-out memory, which is suitably
 * aligned for any kind of variable.
 *
 * \sa calloc(3)
 */
__must_check __malloc void *para_calloc(size_t size)
{
	void *ret = para_malloc(size);

	memset(ret, 0, size);
	return ret;
}

/**
 * Paraslash's version of strdup().
 *
 * \param s The string to be duplicated.
 *
 * A wrapper for strdup(3). It calls \p exit(EXIT_FAILURE) on errors, i.e.
 * there is no need to check the return value in the caller.
 *
 * \return A pointer to the duplicated string. If \a s was the \p NULL pointer,
 * an pointer to an empty string is returned.
 *
 * \sa strdup(3)
 */
__must_check __malloc char *para_strdup(const char *s)
{
	char *ret;

	if ((ret = strdup(s? s: "")))
		return ret;
	PARA_EMERG_LOG("strdup failed, aborting\n");
	exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}

/**
 * Allocate a sufficiently large string and print into it.
 *
 * \param fmt A usual format string.
 *
 * Produce output according to \p fmt. No artificial bound on the length of the
 * resulting string is imposed.
 *
 * \return This function either returns a pointer to a string that must be
 * freed by the caller or aborts without returning.
 *
 * \sa printf(3).
 */
__must_check __printf_1_2 __malloc char *make_message(const char *fmt, ...)
{
	char *msg;

	PARA_VSPRINTF(fmt, msg);
	return msg;
}

/**
 * Paraslash's version of strcat().
 *
 * \param a String to be appended to.
 * \param b String to append.
 *
 * Append \p b to \p a.
 *
 * \return If \a a is \p NULL, return a pointer to a copy of \a b, i.e.
 * para_strcat(NULL, b) is equivalent to para_strdup(b). If \a b is \p NULL,
 * return \a a without making a copy of \a a.  Otherwise, construct the
 * concatenation \a c, free \a a (but not \a b) and return \a c.
 *
 * \sa strcat(3)
 */
__must_check __malloc char *para_strcat(char *a, const char *b)
{
	char *tmp;

	if (!a)
		return para_strdup(b);
	if (!b)
		return a;
	tmp = make_message("%s%s", a, b);
	free(a);
	return tmp;
}

/**
 * Paraslash's version of dirname().
 *
 * \param name Pointer to the full path.
 *
 * Compute the directory component of \p name.
 *
 * \return If \a name is \p NULL or the empty string, return \p NULL.
 * Otherwise, Make a copy of \a name and return its directory component. Caller
 * is responsible to free the result.
 */
__must_check __malloc char *para_dirname(const char *name)
{
	char *p, *ret;

	if (!name || !*name)
		return NULL;
	ret = para_strdup(name);
	p = strrchr(ret, '/');
	if (!p)
		*ret = '\0';
	else
		*p = '\0';
	return ret;
}

/**
 * Paraslash's version of basename().
 *
 * \param name Pointer to the full path.
 *
 * Compute the filename component of \a name.
 *
 * \return \p NULL if (a) \a name is the empty string or \p NULL, or (b) name
 * ends with a slash.  Otherwise, a pointer within \a name is returned.  Caller
 * must not free the result.
 */
__must_check const char *para_basename(const char *name)
{
	const char *ret;

	if (!name || !*name)
		return NULL;
	ret = strrchr(name, '/');
	if (!ret)
		return name;
	ret++;
	return ret;
}

/**
 * Cut trailing newline.
 *
 * \param buf The string to be chopped.
 *
 * Replace the last character in \p buf by zero if it is equal to
 * the newline character.
 */
void chop(char *buf)
{
	int n = strlen(buf);

	if (!n)
		return;
	if (buf[n - 1] == '\n')
		buf[n - 1] = '\0';
}

/**
 * Get a random filename.
 *
 * This is by no means a secure way to create temporary files in a hostile
 * directory like \p /tmp. However, it is OK to use for temp files, fifos,
 * sockets that are created in ~/.paraslash. Result must be freed by the
 * caller.
 *
 * \return A pointer to a random filename.
 */
__must_check __malloc char *para_tmpname(void)
{
	struct timeval now;
	unsigned int seed;

	gettimeofday(&now, NULL);
	seed = now.tv_usec;
	srand(seed);
	return make_message("%08i", rand());
}

/**
 * Get the logname of the current user.
 *
 * \return A dynamically allocated string that must be freed by the caller. On
 * errors, the string "unknown_user" is returned, i.e. this function never
 * returns \p NULL.
 *
 * \sa getpwuid(3).
 */
__must_check __malloc char *para_logname(void)
{
	struct passwd *pw = getpwuid(getuid());
	return para_strdup(pw? pw->pw_name : "unknown_user");
}

/**
 * Get the home directory of the current user.
 *
 * \return A dynamically allocated string that must be freed by the caller. If
 * the home directory could not be found, this function returns "/tmp".
 */
__must_check __malloc char *para_homedir(void)
{
	struct passwd *pw = getpwuid(getuid());
	return para_strdup(pw? pw->pw_dir : "/tmp");
}

/**
 * Split string and return pointers to its parts.
 *
 * \param args The string to be split.
 * \param argv_ptr Pointer to the list of substrings.
 * \param delim Delimiter.
 *
 * This function modifies \a args by replacing each occurrence of \a delim by
 * zero. A \p NULL-terminated array of pointers to char* is allocated dynamically
 * and these pointers are initialized to point to the broken-up substrings
 * within \a args. A pointer to this array is returned via \a argv_ptr.
 *
 * \return The number of substrings found in \a args.
 */
unsigned split_args(char *args, char *** const argv_ptr, const char *delim)
{
	char *p;
	char **argv;
	size_t n = 0, i, j;

	p = args + strspn(args, delim);
	for (;;) {
		i = strcspn(p, delim);
		if (!i)
			break;
		p += i;
		n++;
		p += strspn(p, delim);
	}
	*argv_ptr = para_malloc((n + 1) * sizeof(char *));
	argv = *argv_ptr;
	i = 0;
	p = args + strspn(args, delim);
	while (p) {
		argv[i] = p;
		j = strcspn(p, delim);
		if (!j)
			break;
		p += strcspn(p, delim);
		if (*p) {
			*p = '\0';
			p++;
			p += strspn(p, delim);
		}
		i++;
	}
	argv[n] = NULL;
	return n;
}

/**
 * Get the own hostname.
 *
 * \return A dynamically allocated string containing the hostname.
 *
 * \sa uname(2).
 */
__malloc char *para_hostname(void)
{
	struct utsname u;

	uname(&u);
	return para_strdup(u.nodename);
}

/**
 * Used to distinguish between read-only and read-write mode.
 *
 * \sa for_each_line(), for_each_line_ro().
 */
enum for_each_line_modes{
	/** Activate read-only mode. */
	LINE_MODE_RO,
	/** Activate read-write mode. */
	LINE_MODE_RW
};

static int for_each_complete_line(enum for_each_line_modes mode, char *buf,
		size_t size, line_handler_t *line_handler, void *private_data)
{
	char *start = buf, *end;
	int ret, i, num_lines = 0;

//	PARA_NOTICE_LOG("buf: %s\n", buf);
	while (start < buf + size) {
		char *next_null;
		char *next_cr;

		next_cr = memchr(start, '\n', buf + size - start);
		next_null = memchr(start, '\0', buf + size - start);
		if (!next_cr && !next_null)
			break;
		if (next_cr && next_null) {
			end = next_cr < next_null? next_cr : next_null;
		} else if (next_null) {
			end = next_null;
		} else
			end = next_cr;
		num_lines++;
		if (!line_handler) {
			start = ++end;
			continue;
		}
		if (mode == LINE_MODE_RO) {
			size_t s = end - start;
			char *b = para_malloc(s + 1);
			memcpy(b, start, s);
			b[s] = '\0';
//			PARA_NOTICE_LOG("b: %s, start: %s\n", b, start);
			ret = line_handler(b, private_data);
			free(b);
		} else {
			*end = '\0';
			ret = line_handler(start, private_data);
		}
		if (ret < 0)
			return ret;
		start = ++end;
	}
	if (!line_handler || mode == LINE_MODE_RO)
		return num_lines;
	i = buf + size - start;
	if (i && i != size)
		memmove(buf, start, i);
	return i;
}

/**
 * Call a custom function for each complete line.
 *
 * \param buf The buffer containing data separated by newlines.
 * \param size The number of bytes in \a buf.
 * \param line_handler The custom function.
 * \param private_data Pointer passed to \a line_handler.
 *
 * If \p line_handler is \p NULL, the function returns the number of complete
 * lines in \p buf.  Otherwise, \p line_handler is called for each complete
 * line in \p buf.  The first argument to \p line_handler is the current line,
 * and \p private_data is passed as the second argument.  The function returns
 * if \p line_handler returns a negative value or no more lines are in the
 * buffer.  The rest of the buffer (last chunk containing an incomplete line)
 * is moved to the beginning of the buffer.
 *
 * \return If \p line_handler is not \p NULL, this function returns the number
 * of bytes not handled to \p line_handler on success, or the negative return
 * value of the \p line_handler on errors.
 *
 * \sa for_each_line_ro().
 */
int for_each_line(char *buf, size_t size, line_handler_t *line_handler,
		void *private_data)
{
	return for_each_complete_line(LINE_MODE_RW, buf, size, line_handler,
		private_data);
}

/**
 * Call a custom function for each complete line.
 *
 * \param buf Same meaning as in \p for_each_line().
 * \param size Same meaning as in \p for_each_line().
 * \param line_handler Same meaning as in \p for_each_line().
 * \param private_data Same meaning as in \p for_each_line().
 *
 * This function behaves like \p for_each_line(), but \a buf is left unchanged.
 *
 * \return On success, the function returns the number of complete lines in \p
 * buf, otherwise the (negative) return value of \p line_handler is returned.
 *
 * \sa for_each_line().
 */
int for_each_line_ro(char *buf, size_t size, line_handler_t *line_handler,
		void *private_data)
{
	return for_each_complete_line(LINE_MODE_RO, buf, size, line_handler,
		private_data);
}

/**
 * Safely print into a buffer at a given offset.
 *
 * \param b Determines the buffer, its size, and the offset.
 * \param fmt The format string.
 *
 * This function prints into the buffer given by \a b at the offset which is
 * also given by \a b. If there is not enough space to hold the result, the
 * buffer size is doubled until the underlying call to vsnprintf() succeeds
 * or the size of the buffer exceeds the maximal size specified in \a b.
 *
 * In the latter case the unmodified \a buf and \a offset values as well as the
 * private_data pointer of \a b are passed to the \a max_size_handler of \a b.
 * If this function succeeds, i.e. returns a non-negative value, the offset of
 * \a b is reset to zero and the given data is written to the beginning of the
 * buffer.
 *
 * Upon return, the offset of \a b is adjusted accordingly so that subsequent
 * calls to this function append data to what is already contained in the
 * buffer.
 *
 * It's OK to call this function with \p b->buf being \p NULL. In this case, an
 * initial buffer is allocated.
 *
 * \return The number of bytes printed into the buffer (not including the
 * terminating \p NULL byte).
 *
 * \sa make_message(), vsnprintf(3).
 */
__printf_2_3 int para_printf(struct para_buffer *b, const char *fmt, ...)
{
	int ret;

	if (!b->buf) {
		b->buf = para_malloc(128);
		b->size = 128;
		b->offset = 0;
	}
	while (1) {
		char *p = b->buf + b->offset;
		size_t size = b->size - b->offset;
		va_list ap;
		if (size) {
			va_start(ap, fmt);
			ret = vsnprintf(p, size, fmt, ap);
			va_end(ap);
			if (ret > -1 && ret < size) { /* success */
				b->offset += ret;
				return ret;
			}
		}
		/* check if we may grow the buffer */
		if (!b->max_size || 2 * b->size < b->max_size) { /* yes */
			/* try again with more space */
			b->size *= 2;
			b->buf = para_realloc(b->buf, b->size);
			continue;
		}
		/* can't grow buffer */
		if (!b->offset || !b->max_size_handler) /* message too large */
			return -ERRNO_TO_PARA_ERROR(ENOSPC);
		ret = b->max_size_handler(b->buf, b->offset, b->private_data);
		if (ret < 0)
			return ret;
		b->offset = 0;
	}
}

/** \cond LLONG_MAX and LLONG_MIN might not be defined. */
#ifndef LLONG_MAX
#define LLONG_MAX 9223372036854775807LL
#endif
#ifndef LLONG_MIN
#define LLONG_MIN (-LLONG_MAX - 1LL)
#endif
/** \endcond */

/**
 * Convert a string to a 64-bit signed integer value.
 *
 * \param str The string to be converted.
 * \param value Result pointer.
 *
 * \return Standard.
 *
 * \sa para_atoi32(), strtol(3), atoi(3).
 */
int para_atoi64(const char *str, int64_t *value)
{
	char *endptr;
	long long tmp;

	errno = 0; /* To distinguish success/failure after call */
	tmp = strtoll(str, &endptr, 10);
	if (errno == ERANGE && (tmp == LLONG_MAX || tmp == LLONG_MIN))
		return -E_ATOI_OVERFLOW;
	if (errno != 0 && tmp == 0) /* other error */
		return -E_STRTOLL;
	if (endptr == str)
		return -E_ATOI_NO_DIGITS;
	if (*endptr != '\0') /* Further characters after number */
		return -E_ATOI_JUNK_AT_END;
	*value = tmp;
	return 1;
}

/**
 * Convert a string to a 32-bit signed integer value.
 *
 * \param str The string to be converted.
 * \param value Result pointer.
 *
 * \return Standard.
 *
 * \sa para_atoi64().
*/
int para_atoi32(const char *str, int32_t *value)
{
	int64_t tmp;
	int ret;
	const int32_t max = 2147483647;

	ret = para_atoi64(str, &tmp);
	if (ret < 0)
		return ret;
	if (tmp > max || tmp < -max - 1)
		return -E_ATOI_OVERFLOW;
	*value = tmp;
	return 1;
}

static inline int loglevel_equal(const char *arg, const char * const ll)
{
	return !strncasecmp(arg, ll, strlen(ll));
}

/**
 * Compute the loglevel number from its name.
 *
 * \param txt The name of the loglevel (debug, info, ...).
 *
 * \return The numeric representation of the loglevel name.
 */
int get_loglevel_by_name(const char *txt)
{
	if (loglevel_equal(txt, "debug"))
		return LL_DEBUG;
	if (loglevel_equal(txt, "info"))
		return LL_INFO;
	if (loglevel_equal(txt, "notice"))
		return LL_NOTICE;
	if (loglevel_equal(txt, "warning"))
		return LL_WARNING;
	if (loglevel_equal(txt, "error"))
		return LL_ERROR;
	if (loglevel_equal(txt, "crit"))
		return LL_CRIT;
	if (loglevel_equal(txt, "emerg"))
		return LL_EMERG;
	return -1;
}